
Jesus began his ministry when he was about 30 years old. He distinguished himself from the Jewish leaders of his day in many ways. Crowds began to be attracted to this new rabbi as he went throughout the Galilee region, “teaching in their synagogues, healing every disease and affliction among the people,” such that, “his fame spread throughout all Syria, and they brought him all the sick, those afflicted with various diseases and pains, and those oppressed by demons, epileptics and paralytics, and he healed them.” (Matt.4:23-25). Word spread and crowds followed him, both Jew and Gentile, from the surrounding region.
Was it enough that Jesus was a fantastic teacher and miraculous healer? People came to him for a touch that would relieve their physical ailments; people flocked to him to hear words that inspired them. He spoke with conviction and authority unlike any of their leaders. They came for inspiration, they came for healing, but Jesus would require more of those who would become his followers. Jesus is still teacher and healer today, but to all that would truly become children of God, he offered a pathway that addressed the true need of every human heart.
“Seeing the crowds (those that had flocked to him as healer and teacher), he went up on the mountain, and when he sat down… he opened his mouth and taught them.”
This teaching, known as the Sermon on the Mount which is recorded in Matthew 5-7, begins with a pathway that speaks to the condition not of the body or of the mind, but of the spirit.
“Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.”
The entrance to the pathway of return is the acknowledgment of one’s poverty of spirit. Human history to this present day is a story of man’s attempts to satisfy an inner poverty of spirit by pursuing those things that are meant to satisfy that craving. Wealth, knowledge, power, physical strength, spiritual experiences, asceticism, relationships, freedoms, good deeds … all hold some promise for spiritual fulfillment, but inevitably fall short as temporary fixes to an eternal problem.
Solomon, a man renowned for his wisdom, who had access to all of these resources, drew a conclusion about all of these pursuits. “I have seen everything that is done under the sun, and behold, all is vanity and a striving after the wind.” (Eccl.1:14)
The 17th century author and brilliant thinker, Blaise Pascal, agrees, writing, “There is a God-shaped vacuum in the heart of each man, which cannot be satisfied by any created thing but only by God the Creator, made known through Jesus Christ.”
It is hard to divest oneself of one’s own attempts to fill this vacuum. There is always the temptation to believe that satisfaction lies just around the corner. Just a little more money, just a few less pounds, just one more relationship, just another degree, just better health, just new government leaders…
Through this sermon, Jesus was urging the crowds who were thronging to receive more healings, who were eager to be wowed by more inspirational teaching, to confront what they are really seeking. They are seeking security that can only be realized by being eternally reconciled to Father God. To these he says “Yours is the kingdom of heaven.” There is a way, but it will require acknowledging that none of these other pursuits are working to assuage your impoverished spirits. They are indeed, “ a striving after the wind”.
Ouch! This is not what the first people who listened to Jesus’ sermon expected to hear. Blessed are the poor in spirit? They would rather be blessed as those freed of diseases, blessed as those who are finally freed from Roman oppression, blessed by not having to pay exorbitant taxes.
Are we any different? Yes, Jesus, I want to be blessed in ways that make me happy and healthy here and now. Do I want blessing on my terms, what I think I need and want or am I willing to acknowledge and address the spirit vacuum that resides within?
Eternally blessed are those who acknowledge their deepest need and desire is to be rich in spirit and are willing to sacrifice the trinkets for the treasure.
Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.
Jesus’ sermon is getting stranger. Blessed are those who mourn? Why would we find blessing in deep soul sadness? Those who face their poverty of spirit will inevitably mourn. We mourn over wasted time, money, energy; over striving, believing and hoping, only to find ourselves disappointed and regretting that the created things we pursued failed to fill the vacuum in our souls..
The Old Testament prophet, Isaiah, asks this penetrating question, “Why do you spend your money for that which is not bread and your labor for that which does not satisfy?” (Isa. 55:2)
Later in his life, Jesus confronts a man with the same question that Isaiah posed. This man, who came to Jesus and fell at his feet, was described as a “rich, young ruler.” He had a lot going for him. He was wealthy, he had status and power as a ruler and he was a religiously devout Jew, scrupulously observing the commandments of the law. But he knew that something was still missing as he approached Jesus to ask, “Teacher, what good deed must I do to have eternal life?” and, “What do I still lack?” This man recognized his poverty of spirit and hoped that Jesus would tell him what to add to his life. “Jesus looked at him and loved him, and said to him, ‘You lack one thing; go, sell what you possess and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow me’.” (Mk.10:21) The answer to this man’s sincere request is not to add but to subtract from his life that thing to which he was clinging, his wealth.
“When he heard these things, he became very sad, for he was extremely wealthy.” (Lk.18:23) “Disheartened by the saying, he went away sorrowful, for he had great possessions.”(Mk.10:22)
Why would Jesus tell this young man to renounce his possessions? Was it to add the good deed of philanthropy to his sense of having done enough for God? Or rather was it to divest himself of the last thing that impeded him from being poor in spirit so that he would receive the true treasure that Jesus promises, the kingdom of God? Because of Jesus’ great love for this young man, he was willing to say that which would cause him to be very sad, disheartened, even sorrowful; to mourn. It is sad to come to the end of ourselves. Mourning is an indication that we are facing the reality of the condition of our spirits, awaiting the comfort that only God can provide.
Blessed are those who pay the cost to face their own poverty of spirit and are willing to mourn the sadness of loss, either past or future, to gain what they can never lose.
Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth.
This part of Jesus’ sermon must have bordered on offense to the listeners. The meek inherit the earth? It was obvious to every person listening that the Romans occupiers were fully in control of the known earth and that they certainly had not conquered through their meekness.
The meekness that Jesus is speaking of is not cowardice or weakness. It has been described as having the right or power to do something, but refraining for the benefit of another. Meekness requires incredible strength and great humility to willingly relinquish control to the One who is greater. Jesus himself would later demonstrate this attribute in inaugurating the Kingdom of heaven on earth by defeating death, sin and Satan through meekness, submitting himself to a Roman cross.
I recall the night that I submitted to becoming a dedicated follower of Jesus Christ. I didn’t want to surrender myself to Jesus, knowing that in doing so, I was yielding my life’s trajectory to Him. My conclusions were that He would want me to become a missionary (weird) and He would expect me to be perfect (impossible). I wrestled all through that night, desperately wanting to know that I was a child of God, but loathing the meekness of releasing my right and power to run my own life as I chose. I finally yielded my grip on willful control over my life with this caveat about the perceived need to be perfect, “Fine! I give you my life, but I can’t change myself for You, (i.e. clean up my act and make myself perfect), You will have to change me!”
Fifty years later, I was never called to be a missionary. I am still far from perfect. But I have experienced Him being entirely faithful to the deal I proposed, by changing me by His Spirit, from the inside out. Truly blessed are the meek, for they inherit 100 fold in this life,… with persecutions, and in the age to come eternal life. Mk.10:30
Blessed are those who Hunger and Thirst for righteousness, for they shall be satisfied
At this point in Jesus’ sermon some may have heard enough. Poverty of spirit, mourning and meekness did not hold the same appeal as interesting teaching and miracles. Others however leaned in. They knew that He was putting his finger on the truth about their own souls. These ones were hungry and thirsty for a righteousness that only God can provide; these were the ones who have acknowledged their own poverty of spirit. They have mourned over past estrangement to God and they have relinquished their power to fix this condition. Thus, they are hungry and thirsty for what only God can give.
The righteousness for which they long is not the kind of righteousness that the religious leaders of their day exhibited. In fact Jesus stated that unless their righteousness exceeds that of the scribes and Pharisees, they would never enter the kingdom of heaven. Some of the religious leaders internally agreed, sensing that even their own devotion to Torah and the law had fallen short of creating a right relationship with God and people.
One example of such a leader is Nicodemus, who is described as a ruler and teacher of Israel. He approached Jesus at night to learn more from this One who performs signs and teaches with authority. Humility, meekness and true hunger and thirst for righteousness drove him to seek this secret audience with Jesus. What he heard, “You must be born of water and Spirit to enter the kingdom of God.”, “whoever believes in the Son of Man may have eternal life.”, “he who believes [in the name of the only Son of God] is not condemned; he who does not believe is condemned already.”( John 3:1-21), revealed a pathway to satisfy his spiritual hunger that required faith in Jesus, the only Son of God, rather than faith in his own ability to fulfill the requirements of the Jewish law.
The apostle Paul, who described himself as a super Pharisee, saying of himself that as for righteousness under the Jewish law, he was blameless, also embraced the pathway of return. In his mind He had done righteousness right and he was zealous to punish those who were doing it all wrong. Yet, after his encounter with Jesus, the only Son of God, he writes that all of his self-righteousness through his scrupulous adherence to the Jewish law was rubbish because of the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus his Lord and being found in him, not having a righteousness of his own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ. The righteousness from God that depends on faith. Phil.3:5-9
There is no doubt that both Nicodemus and Paul suffered poverty of spirit, deep mourning, a willingness to assume a meek posture and an acknowledgement of their spiritual hunger and thirst to find life and peace that comes from a reconciled relationship with God through Jesus.
Here, the sermon that Jesus gave takes a decided shift. Perhaps, at this point, many spectators had left. Jesus’ teaching was not to their liking. To those who remained, he continued as follows:
Blessed are the merciful for they shall receive mercy.
Blessed are the pure in heart for they shall see God.
Blessed are the peacemakers for they shall be called the sons of God
Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness’ sake for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
Those who respond to the pathway of poverty of spirit, mourning, meekness and hunger and thirst for righteousness assume a new vision and posture in the world. They then become the merciful, because they possess an empathy toward those who are fellow strugglers on the pathway of submission. They are the pure in heart since they have abandoned their agendas and attachments and have embraced the truth. They are the peacemakers in this world, who carry within themselves a tranquility of spirit that only those who are reconciled to God can offer. They are also those who will be persecuted even as Jesus himself was opposed.
Those who approach God on His terms, become recipients of His tender mercy. Those who submit to receiving his righteousness through Jesus, begin to see God as he is. Those who taste what it is to be freed from striving to be good enough are called his dear children. Those who refuse to compromise the inestimable worth of knowing Christ, even in the face of opposition, are inaugurated into his eternal unshakable kingdom.
What about you?
Are you one of those who leaned in as Jesus spoke?
What do these beatitudes stir within you as you read them?
How will you respond to this “pathway of return” that Jesus preached to those who would follow him?


